Inter-state variation in technical efficiency and total factor productivity of India's livestock sector

During last two and half decades (1990–2016), the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of livestock sector has grown at an annual rate 3.9%. However, there are significant variations in it across states. It is estimated very high Tamil Nadu (8.7%), Andhra Pradesh (7.6%) & Odisha extremely low Jammu Kashmir (0.6%), Himachal (−0.4%) Bihar (−4.3%). Interestingly, TFP growth been driven by technical change. The estimates scale efficiency indicate scope raising output about 30% even existing levels input-use. findings suggest need for greater investment animal science research development, especially states that have poorly performed on technological front.